Captain Joshua Freeman Studley
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 29 Oct 1842 - (Dennis, Massachusetts)
Baptism:
Death: 8 Dec 1894 - Ponce, Porto Rico
Burial: in West Dennis, Massachusetts
Cause of Death: drowning
Parents
Father: Joshua Studley (1819-1861)
Mother: Polly Small Nickerson (1822-1905)
Spouses and Children
1. *Emma J Lewis (Est 1845 - 9 Oct 1884)
Marriage: 6 Nov 1866 - (Dennis, Massachusetts) 1
Status:
Children:
1. Mabel F Studley (1877- )
2. Lester L Studley (1879- )
2. Olivia F Studley (Nov 1856 - )
Marriage: 9 Jun 1888 - Dennis, Massachusetts 2
Status:
Children:
1. Marjorie Lee Studley (1891- )
Notes
General:
1866 seamanMedical:
1888 master mariner
items from Barnstable Patriot
6 Jun 1888, West Dennis - Capt. Joshua Sudley's house is completed.
8 Jun 1888, Capt. Studley arrived home from voyage to West Indies
Joshua F. Studley was master of the tern schooner "Rebbecca J Mooulton." This schooner was registy no. 110142, signal letters J.N.R.L., 589 gross tons, 560 net tons, 143.6 ft long, 32.5 ft wide, 16.1 ft depth, built 1873 in East Boston. In 1892 this vessel's home port was Boston, and the principal owner was a J. H. Conant. - from MaBarnst list
Joshua Studley's gravestone in West Dennis Cemetery says that he drowned at Ponce, 8 Dec 1894.Marriage Notes (Olivia F Studley)
1895 directory listing
Name: Mrs. Olivia F. Studley (Joshua F.)
City: Dennis
State: MA
Location 2: Main, W. D.
In 1900 Olivia is widowed and living with her brother in Boston
Name: Olivia F Studley
Home in 1900: Boston Ward 24, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Age: 43
Birth Date: Nov 1856
Birthplace: Massachusetts
Race: White
Ethnicity: American
Gender: Female
Relationship to Head of House: Sister
Father's Birthplace: Massachusetts
Mother's Birthplace: Massachusetts
Mother: number of living children: 0
Mother: How many children: 1
Marital Status: Widowed
Residence : Boston City, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Household Members: Name Age
Robert L Studley 28 -head
Lester L Studley 21 -boarder
Grace D Studley 21 -sister
Olivia F Studley 43 -sister
Lester L Studley
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 22 May 1879 - Dennis, Massachusetts 3
Baptism:
Death:
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: Captain Joshua Freeman Studley (1842-1894)
Mother: Emma J Lewis (Est 1845-1884)
Lillian M Studley
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth: Est 1885
Baptism:
Death: 21 Nov 1930 - Tisbury, Massachusetts
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *William Francis Swift (21 Jan 1891 - )
Marriage: 17 Aug 1911 - Tisbury, Massachusetts 4
Status:
Mabel F Studley
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth: 7 Aug 1877 - Dennis, Massachusetts 5
Baptism:
Death:
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Events
• Alt Birth 6, , Dennis, Massachusetts in Dennis, Massachusetts
Parents
Father: Captain Joshua Freeman Studley (1842-1894)
Mother: Emma J Lewis (Est 1845-1884)
Marjorie Lee Studley
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth: 3 Jul 1891 - Dennis, Massachusetts 7
Baptism:
Death:
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: Captain Joshua Freeman Studley (1842-1894)
Mother: Olivia F Studley (1856- )
Olivia F Studley
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth: Nov 1856 - Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death:
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *Captain Joshua Freeman Studley (29 Oct 1842 - 8 Dec 1894)
Marriage: 9 Jun 1888 - Dennis, Massachusetts 2
Status:
Children:
1. Marjorie Lee Studley (1891- )
Notes
Marriage Notes (Captain Joshua Freeman Studley)
1895 directory listing
Name: Mrs. Olivia F. Studley (Joshua F.)
City: Dennis
State: MA
Location 2: Main, W. D.
In 1900 Olivia is widowed and living with her brother in Boston
Name: Olivia F Studley
Home in 1900: Boston Ward 24, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Age: 43
Birth Date: Nov 1856
Birthplace: Massachusetts
Race: White
Ethnicity: American
Gender: Female
Relationship to Head of House: Sister
Father's Birthplace: Massachusetts
Mother's Birthplace: Massachusetts
Mother: number of living children: 0
Mother: How many children: 1
Marital Status: Widowed
Residence : Boston City, Suffolk, Massachusetts
Household Members: Name Age
Robert L Studley 28 -head
Lester L Studley 21 -boarder
Grace D Studley 21 -sister
Olivia F Studley 43 -sister
Priscilla Studley
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth: 4 Jun 1793 - Yarmouth, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: 25 Jan 1870 - Yarmouth, Massachusetts
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: Anthony Studley (1757-1827)
Mother: Deborah Chase (1760-1825)
Notes
General:
Marriage 1 Sylvanus CASH b: 3 JUL 1790 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Married: 9 JAN 1811/12 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Children
Patty CASH b: 19 JUN 1811 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Sylvanus CASH b: 26 OCT 1813 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Priscilla CASH b: 15 FEB 1816 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Abraham CASH b: 9 JUN 1818 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Abraham Studley CASH b: 7 SEP 1820 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Barzilia (twin) CASH b: 7 SEP 1822 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Abraham (twin) CASH b: 7 SEP 1822 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Priscilla CASH b: 7 MAY 1823 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Insign CASH b: 19 DEC 1825 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Ensign CASH b: 14 SEP 1829 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Joshua Studley CASH b: 28 MAY 1831 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
Priscilla Studley CASH b: 20 JAN 1834 in Yarmouth, Barnstable, MA
(:275707)
Sarah Studley
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth: Est 1660
Baptism:
Death:
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *Thomas Bonney (1627 - Jul-Aug 1735)
Marriage: 18 Jul 1695 - Duxbury, Massachusetts
Status:
David Conwell Stull
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 8 May 1844 - Provincetown, Massachusetts 8
Baptism:
Death: 3 Feb 1926 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: George Stull (1809-1851)
Mother: Eliza P Conwell (1816-1852)
Spouses and Children
1. *Sarah A Hoffmam (24 May 1848 - 4 Nov 1916)
Marriage: 30 Dec 1866 - Provincetown, Massachusetts 9
Status:
Children:
1. Mary Ellen Stull (1872-1965)
Notes
General:
"The Ambergris King"Marriage Notes (Sarah A Hoffmam)
1860 US census, Provincetown:
David C Stull was in the household of David & Almira Conwell. He was 16, a student, born Mass.
His brother, George P Stull, was also a household member. He was 11, in school.
Provincetown Advocate, 18 Nov 1874
"A novel find was made Monday by Joe King Lema at the shore near Railroad pier. It was a real white whale, the second of the species, it is believed, ever captured so far south of the cruising grounds.
David C. Stull purchased the whale immediately after the capture and will send it to Boston."
[PA archives are incompletely available online from 1874-1917, as of Sep 2010.]
Barnstable Patriot, 9 Jul 1878
"District Court of the United States, District of Massachusetts, In Bankruptcy,
Upon a petition presented to the court by David C. Stull of Provincetown, praying that he may be decreed to have a full discharge from all his debts provable under the Bankrupt Act: it is ordered that a hearing be had upon the same on the twenty-third day of July, A.D. 1878, before the court in Boston in said District, at 10 o'clock, A.M., and that all persons in interest may appear at said time and place, and show cause, if any they have, why the prayer of the said petition should not be granted.
Edward Dexter, Clerk of said Court."
Barnstable Patriot, 8 May 1883
"Boston parties are soon to erect a fish weir at the Herring Cove, Provincetown. D.C. Stull has charge of the constructing and working of the weir."
Barnstable Patriot, 8 Apr 1884
"The Herring Cove Weir Company of Provincetown, under the management of D.C. Stull, have chartered the schooner Morning Star, of Boston for a tender to their weirs this summer, and also have purchased a small flat bottom steamer which will be rigged into a sail vessel for the same purpose."
Barnstable Patriot, 27 May 1884
"David C. Stull was before Trial Justice Foster at Provincetown for maintaining a floating fish trap and fined $300; also $10 for every day it has been down and $10 for every day is is kept down hereafter. He appealed."
Barnstable Patriot, 2 Apr 1900
"Trial List
Cases for Trial by Jury
David C. Stull vs. Thomas C. Day, admr. Morse & Friedman for plff; T.C. Day, R.A. Hopkins for deft."
[9 Apr 1900 - case continued
8 Oct 1900 - case in court again]
15 Oct 1900
"In the jury case of David C. Stull vs. Thomas C. Day, adminsistrator of the estate of Adam Macool, late of Provincetown, the plaintiff claimed that the defendent, who was an intimate friend and a widower, without any near relatives, made a present to him of about $8,000 worth of sperm oil, stored at New Bedford, and sues the defendant for the conversion of the same. The defense was a general denial. The jury returned a verdict for defenant. Godfrey Morse & Friedman of Boston and H.H. Baker of Hyannis for the plaintiff. H.M. Knowlton, T.C. Day and R.A. Hopkins for the defendant."
Hyannis Patriot, 30 Aug 1909
"Capt. and Mrs. Robert M. Lavender, Somerville, and Miss Louisa P. Lavender, Baltimore, are guests of Mr. and Mrs. David C. Stull."
Sandwich Observer, 26 Sep 1911
David C. Stull, admr. estate James V. Bowley of Provincetown
Barnstable Patriot, 8 Jul 1912
"Mr. and Mrs. Charles Rathgan, New York, are guests of Mr. and Mrs. David C. Stull."
Barnstable Patriot, 2 Dec 1912
"A school of blackfish came ashore recently on the flats of Brewster. The heads were sold to David. C. Stull of Provincetown, the expert watch oil manufacturer."
Barnstable Patriot, 17 Mar 1913
"Mr. David C. Stull visited Boston and Lunenberg the past week."
Hyannis Patriot, 14 Sep 1914
"Blackfish to the number of 175 were stranded at South Wellfleet Monday night. They were bought by David C. Stull of Provincetown."
Barnstable Patriot, 5 Oct 1914
"A large school of blackfish was recently stranded on Brewster flats. Head oil refiner Stull of Provincetown was quickly on the scene."
Barnstable Ptriot, 20 Dec 195
"David C. Stull has sent to Boston the underjaw of a sperm whale, with all teeth in place, the perforated shoulder blade of a finback whale, a specimen (mounted) of a white whale, and harpoons and lances used in the whaling industry, the lot to be displayed in one of the show indows of the Filene business house. Mr. Stull and Enos. S. Burch are to be in charge of the exhibit."
Provincetown Advocate, 25 Jan 1917
"Still another batch of unnamable stuff of greasy substance, supposed by the sender to be ambergris, was received last week by Mr. David C. Stull. The sample came from the Grand Caymans, the sender being the man who purchsed fishing schooner Dido at this port a few years ago."
Provincetown Advocate, 1 Feb 1917
"Again the graceful and fortunate whaling brigantine Viola is the subject of excited comment in all whaling and fishing circles. A record breaker, as money maker while on her maiden voyage, a 'lucky ship' on each intervening cruise, she now breaks the silence that had lasted since her sailing from New Bedford September 25, 1916, with the most cheering message sent out from her side during all her career. Writing somewhere off Cape Frio, December 19th, last, the commander of the Viola, Capt. Joseph F. Lewis, stated that the brig had taken 450 barrels sperm oil and 150 pounds of ambergris. The letter was brought to land by a Norwegian steamer which fell in with the Viola at sea.
On her first voyage the Viola not only took a remarkably large lot of oil, but, as partner with whaling bark Bertha, a lump of first quality ambergris. That lot of the much prized substance weighed 165 pounds when first lande in the States, losing a few pounds by drying before the sale was made, and profits were divided fifty-fifty between the brig and the bark's owners.
In this instance, we believe, th Viola is the sole possessor of a lot weighing 150 pounds, the price of which will be governed largely by the quality. If the stuff is of first chop grade, as is hoped by all, voyage profits exceeding even those of the record breaking first cruise will have been amassed in the amazingly short time of three months. In any event, bully for the Viola!
Provincetown Advocate, 1 Feb 1917
"Mr. David C. Stull has been favored with an order for watch oil by the agent of a Japanese concern, or the Japanese government. In 1916 this company, or government, representative placed with Mr. Stull an order for one thousand bottles of his oil. That the first lot met with the approval of the buyer is evident, the second order being for twice the quantity of the first, of two thousand bottles. Bottles, with patent stoppers of glass for the same, have arrived at the Stull factory and work of filling same will be done soon."
Provincetown Advocate, 1 Mar 1917
"Mr. David C. Stull is at Staunton, West Virginia, this week and will visit before returning home points in Missouri, Texas and Louisiana. His homing journey will include a steamer passage from New Orleans to New York City."
Provincetown Advocate, 15 Mar 1917
"Messrs. David C. Stull and Angus McIntyre witnessed the inaugural at Washington."
Provincetown Advocate, 29 Mar 1917
"The Daily Democrat, Greenville, Miss., said Saturday, March 17th:
'Mr. David C. Stull of Provincetown, Mass. arrived here last evening, to be the guest for a few days of Judge and Mrs. Percy Bell. Mr. Stull is an interesting talker and Judge and Mrs. Bell and their many friends here are enjoying his visit.' "
Provincetown Advocate, 12 Apr 1917
"Mr. David C. Stull returned Friday from a six weeks tour of the South. He visited points in both Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and Missouri, found the peoples of the several commonwealths eminently genial and was much impressed by the plainly visible signs of prosperity that were everywhere apparent."
Provincetown Advocate, 10 May 1917
"Mr. David C. Stull visited New Bedford last week and inspected the newly arrived lot of ambergris taken by whaling brig Viola on her present voyage. The lot weighs 121 pounds and is of excellent quality. Congratulations to owners and crew!"
Provincetown Advocate, 24 May 1917
"Mr David C Stull is at Philadelphia, where a portion of his large collection of marine curios had preceded him for a stay of about one week. The Stull exhibit is, by the request of one of the city's business firms, on view at that firm's business place. Blue sharks and sharks of other species comprise the bulk of the exhibit."Provincetown Advocate, 11 Jul 1918
"Mr. David C. Stull and Mr. Mangus Peterson went Sunday to Nantucket and the scene of the blackfish stranding of last week."
Provincetown Advocate, 14 Jun 1917
"Mr. David C. Stull arrived Monday from his Virginia trip. He came accompanied by his grandson Angus McIntyre, student at a military institution, who is to pass the summer-long vacation here."
Provincetown Advocate, 28 Jun 1917
"Samples of leather made from the skins of sharks, dogfish and other sea denizens may be seen at the office of David C. Stull, oil refiner."
Provincetown Advocate, 12 Jul 1917
"Mr. David C. Stull has purchased and received the 19 ounce lump of ambergris brought in by whaling schooner A.M. Nicholson. The lump is of a golden brown hue, ball shaped, and wellnigh odorless."
Provincetown Advocate, 30 Aug 1917
"Mr. David C. Stull is to ship a part of his sea curio collection, for display in the shop window of the big Boston firm: Filene & Company, which concern is to help secure contributions for the Fishermen's Dependent's [sic] Fund."
Provincetown Advocate, 20 Sep 1917
"A 27-foot-long whale was caught in Yarmouth fish weir a few days ago. For two or three days the creature remained alive, defying the attempts of the fishermen to cause its death with bullets fird from a rifle. Then Captain Charles A. Foster showed the men how to do the trick and one stab of the lance put the mammal out of its misery. Our townsman, David C. Stull, bought the whale. Messrs. Burch and Veara, experienced whalemen, went Monday to the scene and flensed the whale. The blubber was shipped further a field, for rendering, and the pair next removed the meat from the bones, which they disarticulated, for shipping to this town. The bones arrived here yesterday. They are to be assembled and the whale skeleton, mounted, will probably soon grace some city museum as Mr. Stull is in communication with scientific bodies, lookin to its sale."
Provincetown Advocate, 15 Nov 1917
"A force of workmen is erecting a new wooden seawall on the premises of Mr. David C. Stull to replace the one that was ruined by the late southerly gale."
Provincetown Advocate, 18 Jul 1918
"Mr. David C. Stull has been in Whitman where the blubber from his Nantucket herd of pilot whales was taken for rendering into oil.
---
It is true that Mr. David C. Stull secured the promise of the 90-odd blackfish that stranded at Eastham last Saturday, but, as the town authorities ordered that all carcasses should be buried, the deal was declared off and the great hoard of oil-yielding blubber, worth probably $3000 or more (if rendered into oil) went, perforce of circumstances, to waste."
Provincetown Advocate, 5 Sep 1918
"Mr. David C. Stull went the past week to East Dennis and purchased the small herd of blackfish that had just stranded there, saving not only the blubber but all the meat."
Provincetown Advocate, 31 Oct 1918
North Truro
"An old time occupation was revived last Sunday when a school of about 75 blackfish came in near the Bay Shore and the men of the village went off with boats and succeeded in landing about sixty on the beach. They were sold to David Stull of Provincetown who, with his men, began work on them Tuesday."
Provincetown Advocate, 22 Aug 1918
"To the end that a new source of food may be made available for public consumption, Hugh M. Smith, Commissioner, has written to Henry B. Endicott, Federal Food Administrator, suggesting that the latter take up with the State Authorities or with the Boards of Health the matter of remission of the penalties imposed under the law approved May 28, 1918, prohibiting the driving of blackfish ashore on the ground that they constitute a menace to public health and a nuisance. In this communication Mr. Smith states that it is the opinion of the Bureau (Fisheries) that properly conducted this industry cannot menace the health of the communities where it is carried on, and states that it is within his knowledge that on, or about, August 4th, 130 of these large cetaceans were driven ashore at Nantucket, and that this school alone, if it had been properly utilized, would have yielded not less than 250,000 pounds of meat.
Of our townsman, Mr David Stull, Commissioner Smith then wrote: "He has been long and favorably known to this Bureau in connection with the whale oil industry. He has been largely instumental in utilizing for industrial purposes the considerable numbers of balckfish which from time to time have gone ashore on the coast of Massachusetts, and induced by this Bureau's campaign for the introduction of whale meat as food, is now considering the use of blackfish meat for the same purpose.
The Bureau will appreciate anything that you may be able to do which will permit Mr. Stull to carry on the operations proposed under such safeguards as will ensure public health and the production of food.'
'The blackfish, or Pilot Whale, is a gregarious, hot-blooded, red-blooded animal. Its meat is as red and firm as that of land-living beef cattle.
Like the cow on land, the female blackfish suckles her young, and, as the meat is nutritious and palatable and the average adult yields many hundreds of pounds of 'sea beef,' it should not be difficult to devise means for the quick stripping and storing of vast quantities of a valuable food that has heretofore been permitted to go to waste.' "
Hyannis Patriot, 23 Dec 1918
"Many sharks and porpoises have been taken in nets and weirs at Provincetown recently, no less than four of the latter species being received at Stull's oil rendering plant in one day."
Hyannis Patriot, 8 Jan 1923
"The American Magazine for January 1923 has an excellent likeness of Editor Edwin A. Grozier of the Boston Post and an interesting sketch of some of the experiences in the making of a great newspaper. In the same magazine is a likeness and stories of David C. Stull of Provincetown, widely known as the 'Ambergris King.' Most of the ambergris found anywhere in the world passes through the hands of Mr. Stull who has a wonderful knowledge of the valuable material."
Boston Globe, 4 Feb 1926
"David C. Stull of Provincetown dead
Provincetown, Feb 3--David C. Stull died of pneumonia this morning at his home 742 Commerical st. He was born May 8, 1844, and had lived here all his life.
For many years, Mr Stull had been a successful manufacturer of watch and clock oil. He was a member of Hiram's Lodge, A.F and A.M., the Board of Trade and the Anchor and Ark Club.
He is survived by one daughter, Mrs Mary S. MacIntyre of this town, and two grandsons. The date of the funeral has not been decideed upon definitely, but probably will be Friday afternoon."
Hyannis Patriot, 8 Apr 1926
"March 23d, 1926
Wills Allowed
David C. Stull, Provincetown; Mary S. MacIntyre, Provincetown, Extx.; bond $2,000."
Provincetown Advocate, 7 Feb 1938
"'Was that grand old whaling schooner, the John R. Manta a relative of yours?' genial, veteran Selectman John R. Manta was asked.
'Yes,' said John, 'It was named after me by my father, Joseph Manta, and it was one of the finest boats he ever owned.'
What is left of the Manta now are memories, the man after whom the stately vessel was named, and a book which has just been published by Reynolds Printing of New Bredford, 'There Goes Flukes' written by William H. Tripp, Curator of the New Bedford Whaling Museum, recounting his adventures on the last whaling trip ever made by the Manta, commanded by Captain Antonio J. Mandly. And this trip, too, was the last ever made out of New Bedford, which, at one time, becasue of its trade in oil, was on its way to rivaling the port on New York in shipping importance.
Provincetown plays an important part in 'There Goes Flukes.' Naturally many of the names mentioned are those of Provincetown men and one of the most interesting and informative chapters concerns ambergris and David Stull, the'Ambergris King.'
Why the 'King'
'They call me the 'Ambergris King', and I'll tell you why they call me that' Stull is quoted in answer to a question concerning some of the famous ambergris catches. 'You see,' he goes on, 'I know all about it. Like anything else, a man's got to be trained to ambergris.'
'See what I have here,' he said as he called the author's attention to a ring on one of the fingers of his left hand. Set in the ring was a large rectangular stone, known as goldstone. Much to Mr. Tripp's surprise, Stull raised the goldstone, with a fingernail, as one would the cover of a box, and inside the depression of the ring was a depression filled with a black, sticky substance.
'That's ambergris' he said, 'but of a very poor quality. Some of a small lot I bought once. It was no good because it would never dry as it should. I keep that in my ring to show people what poor ambergris looks like.' [incomplete]
Natural History Magazine, March-April 1933, "Floating Gold; The Romance of Ambergris," by Robert Cushman Murphy
The career of a museum naturalist is sometimes regarded as a dusty one, but among its amenities are the unforeseen calls of interested, curious, inquisitive, mysterious, or merely crack-brained individuals, who, by one pretext or another, find their way into his laboratory with something to be identified. A preliminary sifting out by the man at the information desk usually staves off the bearer of a rock crystal from disturbing the curator of insects, or the proud owner of a hippopotamus tooth from barging into the department of Peruvian archaeology. However, there is no dependable bulwark against surprises.
...
Now of all the things presented for the inspection of that faithful servant of the public, the museum curator, the most romantic, and the least likely to be true, is ambergris. I say inspection, because identification is preconceived in the mind of the finder. His treasure, stumbled upon along the sea beach, recognized with the sudden surmise that dawns like knowledge from a previous incarnation, is encountered where ambergris belongs; it looks, and feels, and smells as ambergris should and, since it bears no resemblance to anything familiar, it follows that riches are already within his grasp.
However, confirmation is the capstone to personal certainty. "Some funny old cove at the Museum," the finder reasons, "will know all about it. Moreover, such a practical thought as trying to horn in on my profits would never enter his head. Those museum birds don't care about money, anyway. It will be a good idea to have it settled scientifically before I see the man who buys the stuff for Coty."
...
in the year 1672 an Englishman revealed the pertinent contents of a manuscript which had been found on board a captured Dutch East Indiaman. This document stated that
'Ambergris is not the scum or excrement of a whale, but issues out of the root of a tree, which tree, howsoever it stands on the land, alwaies shoots forth its roots towards the sea, seeking the warmth of it thereby to deliver the fattest gum that comes out of it, which tree otherwise by its copious fatness might be burnt and destroyed; wherever that fat gum is shot into the sea, it is so tough that it is not easily broken from the root, unless its own weight and the working of the warm sea doth it, and so it floats on the sea.... If you plant the trees where the stream sets to the shore, then the stream will cast it up to great advantage.'
Layoff hunting for ambergris, boys; all you need to find is the ambergris tree!
...
It remained for the empirical Quaker whalemen of Nantucket to settle the question beyond doubt, as related by Doctor Boylston, a surgeon of Boston, about the end of the first quarter of the Eighteenth Century. Reports the doctor:
"The most learned part of mankind are still at a loss about many things even in medical use, and particularly were so in what is called ambergris, until our fishermen of Nantucket, in New England, some three or four years past made the discovery. Their account to me is as follows:\emdash cutting up a spermaceti bull-whale, they found accidently in him about twenty pounds weight, more or less, of that drug; after which, they and other such fishermen became very curious in searching all such whales they killed, and it has been since found in lesser quantities in several male whales of that kind, and in no other, and that scarcely in one of a hundred of them."
And so the matter rests, except that female sperm whales have since proved to share the honor with their larger mates. Encyclopedic works of much later date than the note of Doctor Boylston still continued to publish nonsense about a "fossil bitumen or nephtha, exuding out of the bowels of the earth in a fluid form and distilling into the sea, where it hardens and floats," but few have been misled. In the light of modern knowledge, which appears to be none too exact on the subject, ambergris is regarded as a morbid secretion of the liver or intestines of the sperm whale. Whalemen have long agreed that it is the sick whales that yield the prize, and the legion of books on maritime adventure, credible and incredible, unite in stating that emaciated whales, capable of supplying a minimum of oil, were nevertheless greeted with a warm welcome and a ready lance by the Yankee blubber-hunters, on the slim chance that the victim might more than make up from his in'ards what he lacked in his skin.
Out at Provincetown, on the hooked tip of Cape Cod, my late friend Captain D. C. Stull spent most of a long lifetime engaged in the stimulating vocation of a purchaser and wholesaler of ambergris and of porpoise-jaw oil. From the latter is refined the delicate lubricant for watches and chronometers. Whenever a herd of blackfish stranded anywhere along the northeastern coast of the United States, Captain Stull, who walked with a limp but who covered the ground more rapidly than most of mankind, was apt to be the first practical man on the spot, prepared to buy the animals for cash from fishermen or townships, and undertaking to tow all the objectionable carcasses safely out to sea as soon as he had removed the rich blubber of "junk and jaw," these being the only parts that yield the fine oil. In like manner, if a New Bedford whaler reported to her owners a haul of ambergris, Captain Stull would at once open negotiations, and would be waiting at the dock when the ship came home. Equally ready was he to deal with possibly lucky beachcombers of the sort mentioned at the beginning of my story, and his experiences in receiving bits of all the worthless substances that are buoyant in salt water were, naturally, far more diverse than my own. Most such he treated with a chuckle, and the untrustful reactions of persons who impugned his motives in telling them the bitter truth about their discoveries, only added to his good-natured merriment. After all, the chap who appears with "genuine ambergris," whether pre-war or not, is to be received with only slightly more credulity than the inventor of a perpetual-motion machine. In either case the burden of proof is squarely up to the seller.
And so although watch-oil was his staple, Captain Stull obtained and disposed of a considerable quantity of ambergris during the course of several decades. The marketing was his own business secret. Because of the relatively minute amount of the extract required by all the perfume manufacturers of the world, the ambergris exchange has its own curious technique. Like the stock exchange, it is subject to more or less unpredictable fluctuations. A large catch may cause a glut, with a corresponding drop in the current price. Therefore it does not always pay to find, or to admit ownership of, too much; you may get more for less. While Captain Stull was ever ready to buy, he did not always choose to sell, and how much of the strange material he may have had stowed away in his strong-box, nobody but he was in a position to know.
Captain Stull perhaps shared a belief in the general weak-minded honesty and total lack of worldliness accredited to professional naturalists, for he was remarkably generous in turning over to me liberal samples of his choicest commodity. In fact, I have driven away in my Ford from Provincetown with my pockets stuffed with small bottles containing a king's ransom, all to be picked over at my convenience. Fresh ambergris, old ambergris, the best grade of gray, the poorest of black, ambergris that was mottled like marble, ambergris that looked like old cheese and smelt worse, ambergris that had the traditional fragrance of ploughed earth--it was all mine to handle and section, to examine under a microscope, and to return at my own will. My efforts resulted more in the verification of well known facts than in making startling new discoveries, but there was one conspicuous exception. In a sample from a sperm whale that had been killed off the south coast of Haiti during the year 1912, I found several bristles which were recognizable as the cheek-whiskers of a seal! Subsequent comparison with museum specimens showed that these belonged to the excessively rare, if not quite extinct, West Indian seal, an animal first met with by Columbus and long ago wiped out through most of its former range by insatiable hunters of oil and hides. Indeed, these whiskers from a whale's intestines constitute, so far as I have been able to ascertain, the latest zoölogical record of this little known seal. How long had they been encased in the waxy, preserving matrix of their strange tomb? The answer is bound up with two other still unsolved problems, namely how long does a whale live and how long may ambergris continue in its alimentary tract?
Other relics of whale banquets impacted in Captain Stull's samples were confined to the horny and indigestible beaks of squids or cuttle-fish, and to fragments of the internal shell or pen (what the canary bird eats) of the same creatures. Squids are ordinarily regarded as the exclusive food of the sperm whale, and their remains were the objects that originally gave a clue to the true source of ambergris. However, the ferocious potentialities of an aroused sperm whale have often been displayed to whalemen, and we now know that at least one After the bits of squid beak had been picked out of the lots of ambergris that passed through my hands, the residue was an ash-colored or darker substance which softened in the heat of the palm, and melted, below the boiling point of water, into a yellowish fluid resin. of the ocean-ranging monsters has strayed from the prescribed diet. An animal which could engulf a West Indian seal would have had no difficulty in taking in Jonah.
After the bits of squid beak had been picked out of the lots of ambergris that passed through my hands, the residue was an ash-colored or darker substance which softened in the heat of the palm, and melted, below the boiling point of water, into a yellowish fluid resin. At higher temperatures it volatilized into white vapor. "The dry lumps became electrified when they were rubbed slightly, so that they acted as magnets to re-attract all the squid beak that had been separated from them."
The French term ambre-gris (gray amber) was first applied to distinguish the material from ambre-jaune, yellow or true amber. The respective animal and vegetable origins of the two were discovered only within modern times, whereas both were immemorially known as stuffs cast up by the sea. Ambergris is an opaque, waxy, laminated solid, having an odor suggestive of musk or benzoin. (Benzoic acid, one of its components, also gives the tart taste to cranberries). The aroma is as subtly pleasing to the majority of human beings as catnip is to all feline creatures, from tabbies to tigers. Yet, strange to say, it is decidedly offensive to a few persons, and this without regard to the strength or purity of the solution.
..."
--------------------------------
"According to an obscure book entitled "The Last American Whale-Oil Company, a history of Nye lubricants, Inc., 1844-1994", by Ed Parr, 1996, David C. Stull was in business in 1896, when his porpoise-jaw oil was judged along with similar oils manufactured by Ezra Kelley and by The Nye Lubricants Company. The results of this study were presented before the Philadelphia Horological Society. According to the book, David Stull "refined a brand of oil for watches and clocks from the melons and jaws of toothed whales". He sold some of his oil to the Nye Lubricants Co.
The New Bedford Whaling museum has a circa 1900 postcard with the caption "D. C. Stull, Provincetown, Mass., cutting up blackfish to manufacture his watch and clock oil". It shows a photo of Stull on the beach with a stranded creature. This postcard is illustrated in the above mentioned book."
http://mb.nawcc.org/showthread.php?t=20636
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A Handy Book of Curious Information, by William Shepard Walsh, Philadelphia & London: JB Lippincott Co., pp 30-32
Ambergris (a French word meaning gray amber), a gray wax-like substance, believed to be the product of some disease in the sperm whale, analogous to gall-stones. It is found as a morbid secretion in the creature's intestines, and sometimes, after expulsion, floating on the surface of tropical seas. Its essential characteristic is a pungent and penetrating odor, so peculiar that art has never been able to contrive an imitation of it, though invention has been stimulated by the high price attendant on its scarcity. Inferior qualities bring eight dollars an ounce; the best, which is rarely seen, is rated at something like fifty dollars an ounce.
The largest single piece of ambergris known to whaling annals is said to have been found by Captain James Earle, of New Bedford, Mass., in the interior of a whale. It weighed 780 pounds, and was sold in chunks in various markets of the world for about $100,000.
...
The New York Sun recently published an interview with David C. Stull, who was known as the Ambergris King from the fact that he presided over the headquarters of the trade in Provincetown, Mass.
Good ambergris, he said, was worth more than twice its weight in gold. lie himself had once paid $18,000 for one lump and $30,000 for one lot. The lump weighed 98 pounds. At this rate a single ton would be worth a million dollars. He told a story of a Provincetown man who some thirty years before had been out on his first trip as captain of a whaling vessel. On his way home he stopped at one of the West India islands. A na.tive offered liim five small lumps of a dirtylooking substance, asserting that it was good for something, and explaining that he had got these pieces from a dead whale which was ashore on a certain beach. He added that there was plenty more in the carcass.
Did the captain-hoist all sail and get to that dead whale as fast as the winds of providence would permit? Not a bit of it. lie had been sent out after sperm oil and he'd stick to his job. So he gave the native a pair of blue overalls and a jumper for the five dirty lumps and went on his way.
After making port he showed the five lumps to Mr. Stull. When the latter gave him $700 for them he almost had a fit. Still that shock was nothing to what he got a little later, for he learned that another captain had heard of the dead whale, had got what ambergris still remained in the carcass, and had sold it in New York for $30,000. It was estimated that this whale must have contained at least $50,000 worth of ambergris. "But the whalers of to-day," concluded Mr. Stull, "are a more canny lot. In fact they have gone to the other extreme. They not only open up a captured whale the very first thing to look for ambergris, but they pick up from the flotsam of the sea all sorts of possible and impossible stuff under the fond delusion that they are taking a fortune aboard."
----------------------------------
Stull is mentioned in Cape Cod Pilot, chapter 11.
by Jeremiah Digges (Josef Berger), American Guide Series, published by Modern Pilgrim Press, Provincetown, MA, 1937. This was a work underwritten by the Federal Writers Project, Works Project Administration (WPA) for the State of Massachusetts.
10
1870 US census, Provincetown
building 759, household 936
Stull, David C, 26, clerk in store, $-, $422
Stull, Sarah, 22, keeping house
both b Mass.
1880 US census, Provincetown
building 267, household 341
Hill, Susannah, 73, keeping house, widow
Hill, Jonathan, 24, grandson, sailor, single
Stull, David C, 36, retired merchant, married
Stull, Sarah A, 32, wife, keeping house, b Liverpool NS
Stull, Mary A, 6, daughter, at school
all b Mass. except Sarah
1900 US census, Provincetown
Commercial St
building 122, household 138
Stull, David C, head, May 1844, 56, m 32y, all Ma, watch oil manuf, rents home
Stull, Sarah Am wife, May 1848, 52, m 32y, 1/1 children, all Canada English, immigr 1864
McIntyre, William J, son-in-law, Jul 1870, 30, m 5y, Ma, Can. Eng., Can. Eng., fruit dealer?, unemployed 6m
McIntyre, Mary S, dau, Dec 1872, 27, m 5y, 1/1 children, Ma, Ma, Can. Eng.
McIntyre, Angus S, grandson, May 1900, all Ma
Joseph, Mary, servant, Sep 1881, 18, single, all Azores, immigr 1897, cannot read or write
1910 US census, Provincetown [partly illegible]
472 Commercial Street
Stull, David C, head, 65, m 43y, oil manufacurer, owns home
Stull, Sarah A, wife, 62, m 43y, 1/1 children, no occup
--, Mary C, dau, 31, m 14y, 3/2 children, no occup
--, [William J, son-in-law,] 40, m 14y, bookkeeper at dry goods store
--, [?], 4, all Ma
--, [?], 4, all Ma
[birthplaces as before]
1920 US census, Provincetown
472 Commercial Street, building 114, household 131
Stull, David C, head, 75, wid, oil manufacturer at own shop, owns home
MacIntyre, Mary S, dau, 47, wid, no occup
MacIntyre, Angus, grandson, 19, single, school within year, no occup
MacIntyre, Stuart, grandson, 14, single, school with year, no occup
George Stull
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 1809 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: Dec 1851 - lost at sea, on passage from Boston to St. Thomas
Burial: in Cemetery #2, Provincetown
Cause of Death:
Events
• Alt Death 8, , Lost At Sea Lost At Sea
Parents
Father: George Stull (1778-1854)
Mother: Lydia Paine (1778-1850)
Spouses and Children
1. *Eliza P Conwell (17 Sep 1816 - 21 Feb 1852)
Marriage: Est 1840
Status:
Children:
1. David Conwell Stull (1844-1926)
2. George Perry Stull (1848-1918)
3. Jane E Stull (1851-1852)
Notes
General:
gravestone:
Jairus H. Hilliard sailed from this port Dec 13, 1851 in Schooner Sunbeam for St. Thomas, West Indies, from whom there has been no tidings. Age 41 yrs 6 mos & 24 ds
Lost with him were George Stull Jr, 23; Robert Loyd, 23-6 (of Nova Scotia); James Sparks, 57.
Provincetown VR lists them as dead in Feb 1853, with the note "reject." 11
George Stull
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 1778 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: 20 Nov 1854 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Burial: in Cemetery #2, Provincetown
Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *Lydia Paine (25 Aug 1778 - 20 Apr 1850)
Marriage: 10 Dec 1801 - Truro, Massachusetts 12
Status:
Children:
1. Thomas Stull (1802-1823) 13
2. Lydia Stull (1804-1890) 13
3. Moses P Stull (1806-1837) 13
4. George Stull (1809-1851)
5. Rev William C Stull (1818-1842) 13
Notes
Marriage Notes (Lydia Paine)
1810 US census, Provincetown
2-0-0-1-0||1-0-0-1-0
1820 US census, Provincetown
George Stull 2-1-1-1-1 0-1-1-0-1-0-0-0-4-0
George Perry Stull
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 28 Jun 1848 - Provincetown, Massachusetts 8
Baptism:
Death: 31 Jan 1918 - Charlestown, Massachusetts
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Events
• Obituary, , Provincetown Advocate in Provincetown Advocate
"George Perry Stull died in Charlestown, Mass., Thursday, Jan. 31st, aged 69 years, 7 months, 3 days. Funeral services occurred at John Bryant Sons, 15 Austin street, Monday, February 4th, at 10:30 A.M.
Mr. Stull was born in Provincetown, the son of George and Eliza Stull, June 28, 1848. He was a sail maker and worked at his trade in town lofts until the time of his removal hence. Mr. Stull is survived by a brother: Mr. David C. Stull of Provincetown, and, it is said, a wife and one daughter, living in Charlestown."
Parents
Father: George Stull (1809-1851)
Mother: Eliza P Conwell (1816-1852)
Spouses and Children
1. *Ada B Fish (Feb 1848 - After 1920)
Marriage: 16 Mar 1878 - Sandwich, Massachusetts
Status:
Children:
1. Sarah M Stull (1879- )
Notes
General:
1860 US census, ProvincetownMarriage Notes (Ada B Fish)
George O Stull was 11, in school, in the household of David & Almira Conwell.
David C Stull, 16, was also in the household.
1880 US census, Boston
72 Myrtle Street
Choate, ?, 62, all Mass.
Choate, Sarah E, 60?, wife, keeping house, all NH
Choate, Sarah L, 24, dau, at home, NH, Ma, NH [marital status blank]
Charles, Charles -, 12, grandson, at school, all NH
Savage, Mary L, 73, sister, widow, Ma, NH, NH
Morse, Martha A, 24, lodger, single, works in corset store, all Me
Stull, Geo P, 30, sale maker [sic], all Provincetown [!]
Stull, Eddia? B, 31, wife, keeping house, all Ma
Stull, Sarah M, 1, dau, at home, Ma, Provincetown, Ma
[inserted notations on the Mass. locations are illegible]
1900 US census, Boston
23 Tufts Street, building 89, household 188
Stull, George P, head, Jun 1848, 51, m 22y, sail maker, unemployed 4m, rents home
Stull, Ada B, wife, Feb 1848, 52, m 22y, 1/1 children,
Stull, Sarah M, dau, May 1879, 21, single, sales lady
all Mass.
1910 US census, Boston
10 Monument Street, building 147, household 233
Stull, George P, head, 61, m 31y, sailmaker at sail-loft, rents
Stull, Adah B, wife, 62, m 31y, 1/1 children, no occipation,
Stull, Sadie M, dau, 30, single, artist/authoress at studio
all Mass. [other categories not transcribed]
1920 US census, Boston
Ada B Stull
Jane E Stull
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth: 10 Oct 1851 - Provincetown, Massachusetts 8
Baptism:
Death: 10 Feb 1852 - Provincetown, Massachusetts 8
Burial:
Cause of Death: consumption
Parents
Father: George Stull (1809-1851)
Mother: Eliza P Conwell (1816-1852)
Notes
Medical:
age 8m (disagrees with birth record)
Lydia Stull
Sex: F
AKA: Lydia Stutt
Individual Information
Birth: 26 Jun 1804 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: 3 Feb 1890 - Wellfleet, Massachusetts 14
Burial: in Hamilton cemetery, Provincetown
Cause of Death: paralysis 14
Parents
Father: George Stull (1778-1854)
Mother: Lydia Paine (1778-1850)
Spouses and Children
1. *Obediah Wyer (9 Dec 1791 - 14 Oct 1861)
Marriage:
Status:
Children:
1. Hon George Thomas Wyer (1832-1908) 15
2. William W Wyer (1835-1863) 13
Notes
Medical:
age 85-7-8
widow
Lydia Wyer (Stull)
husnabd Obed Wyer
b Provincetown
parents George & Lydia
bur Provincetown 16
Mary Ellen Stull
Sex: F
AKA: May E Stull
Individual Information
Birth: 31 Dec 1872 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: Feb 1965 - Middleborough, Massachusetts
Burial: in Provincetown, Massachusetts
Cause of Death:
Events
• Obituary, , Provincetown Advocate in Provincetown Advocate
Lived in Middleboro several years
former home 472 Commercial St, Provincetown
born 31 Dec 1872, Provincetown
grad New Britain Normal School, taught 2 yrs Watertown
married 1st William J McIntyre 1895, lived in Provincetown
McIntyre died 1913
married 2d Louis A Law, 1932
survivors - son Stuart McIntyre of Marion, 3 granchildren and 2 greatcgrandchildren
Parents
Father: David Conwell Stull (1844-1926)
Mother: Sarah A Hoffmam (1848-1916)
Spouses and Children
1. *Louis A Law (1871 - 1956)
Marriage: 1932
Status:
2. William J McIntyre (Jul 1870 - 20 Feb 1914)
Marriage: 3 Oct 1895 - Provincetown, Massachusetts 17
Status:
Children:
1. Angus S McIntyre (1900-Bef 1965)
2. Stuart McIntyre (1906-After 1965)
Notes
Marriage Notes (William J McIntyre)
1900 US census, Provincetown
Commercial St
building 122, household 138
Stull, David C, head, May 1844, 56, m 32y, all Ma, watch oil manuf, rents home
Stull, Sarah Am wife, May 1848, 52, m 32y, 1/1 children, all Canada English, immigr 1864
McIntyre, William J, son-in-law, Jul 1870, 30, m 5y, Ma, Can. Eng., Can. Eng., fruit dealer?, unemployed 6m
McIntyre, Mary S, dau, Dec 1872, 27, m 5y, 1/1 children, Ma, Ma, Can. Eng.
McIntyre, Angus S, grandson, May 1900, all Ma
Joseph, Mary, servant, Sep 1881, 18, single, all Azores, immigr 1897, cannot read or write
Moses P Stull
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 1806 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: 15 Jan 1837 - St. Josephs, Florida
Burial: in Hamilton cemetery, Provincetown
Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: George Stull (1778-1854)
Mother: Lydia Paine (1778-1850)
Sarah M Stull
Sex: F
AKA: Sadie May Stull
Individual Information
Birth: 4 May 1879 - Boston, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death:
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: George Perry Stull (1848-1918)
Mother: Ada B Fish (1848-After 1920)
Thomas Stull
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 1802 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: 12 Oct 1823 - Lost At Sea
Burial: in Hamilton cemetery, Provincetown
Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: George Stull (1778-1854)
Mother: Lydia Paine (1778-1850)
Rev William C Stull
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 1818 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: 15 Oct 1842 - Provincetown, Massachusetts
Burial: in Hamilton cemetery, Provincetown
Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: George Stull (1778-1854)
Mother: Lydia Paine (1778-1850)
Richard C Sturges
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth: 1923 - Hyannisport (Barnstable), Massachusetts
Baptism:
Death: 8 Mar 2007 - West Yarmouth, Massachusetts
Burial:
Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *Priscilla E (25 Sep 1921 - 12 Mar 2005)
Marriage:
Status:
Notes
General:
Yarmouth Register obit
Richard C. Sturges, Barnstable harbormaster, forest warden
Richard C. Sturges, 84, of West Yarmouth, died March 8 at Cape Cod Hospital, Hyannis.
He was the husband of the late Priscilla E. Sturges for 58 years.
Mr. Sturges was born and raised in Hyannisport. He graduated from Barnstable High School and Hemphill Diesel Mechanics School in Long Island, N.Y., and served in the Army.
For many years he was the town of Barnstable’s harbormaster and forest warden.
He leaves a daughter, Martha Boutilier of Rhode Island; three sons, James Sturges of Rhode Island, Dr. Robert Sturges of Maine, and Richard Sturges of Ohio; a sister, Nancy Hall of Hyannisport; 10 grandchildren; three great-grandchildren; and nine nieces and nephews.
A memorial service was held at the Federated Church of Hyannis, 320 Main St. Burial is in Oak Grove Cemetery, Hyannis.
Sources
1. Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 (Massachusetts Archives. [online at AmericanAncestors.org (NEHGS) and FamilySearch.org]), 189:9.
2. Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 (Massachusetts Archives. [online at AmericanAncestors.org (NEHGS) and FamilySearch.org]), 388:9 (Dennis).
3. Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 (Massachusetts Archives. [online at AmericanAncestors.org (NEHGS) and FamilySearch.org]), 304:6 (Dennis).
4. Vital Records of Tisbury, Massachusetts, to the year 1850 (1910. Boston: NEHGS [online]).
5. Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 (Massachusetts Archives. [online at AmericanAncestors.org (NEHGS) and FamilySearch.org]), 196:6 (Dennis).
6. Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 (Massachusetts Archives. [online at AmericanAncestors.org (NEHGS) and FamilySearch.org]), 286:6 (Dennis).
7. Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 (Massachusetts Archives. [online at AmericanAncestors.org (NEHGS) and FamilySearch.org]), 412:11 (Dennis).
8. Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 (Massachusetts Archives. [online at AmericanAncestors.org (NEHGS) and FamilySearch.org]), Provincetown.
9. Hyannis Patriot (Hyannis, Mass. [archives to 1930 online at Sturgis Library, Barnstable]), 13 nov 1916.
10. Provincetown Advocate (Provincetown, Mass. [1918-1967 archives online at Provincetown Library]). .... Barnstable Patriot (Barnstable, Mass [archives 1830-1930 online at Sturgis Library, Barnstable]).
11. Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 (Massachusetts Archives. [online at AmericanAncestors.org (NEHGS) and FamilySearch.org]), Provincetown. .... Provincetown cemeteries (http://www.provincetowngov.org/historic/cem.htm). badly organized
12. George Ernest Bowman, compiler, Vital Records of Truro, Massachusetts to the year 1849 (1933. Mass. Society of Mayflower Descendants. republished online), 204. Return of marriages made by Revd Jude Damon to Anthony Snow, Town Clerk.
13. Provincetown cemeteries (http://www.provincetowngov.org/historic/cem.htm).
14. Wellfleet Town Officers, Wellfleet, Massachusetts Annual Reports (Wellfleet MA), 1890. Deaths.
15. Wellfleet Historical Society and Rich Family Association, Wellfleet, Truro & Cape Cod Cemetery Transcriptions, section 9. Pleasant Hill and Oakdale Cemeteries, Wellfleet, Massachusetts (1986. Wellfleet, Massachusetts. Wellfleet Historical Society and Rich Family Association), row 12, lot 12A. George T. Wyer & Lydia A. C. Holbrooh family. .... Town records of Wellfleet, Massachusetts. Deaths 1859-1907 (Wellfleet, Massachusetts.), 56.
16. Town records of Wellfleet, Massachusetts. Deaths 1859-1907 (Wellfleet, Massachusetts.), 34.
17. Barnstable Patriot (Barnstable, Mass [archives 1830-1930 online at Sturgis Library, Barnstable]), 2 mar 1914.